[Exception] org/mybatis/spring/SqlSessionFactoryBean has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0

개발환경

Spring 5.3.24

myBatis 3.5.11

myBatis Spring 3.0.1

다음과 같은 환경에서 셋팅하던 중 아래와 같은 오류가 발생하였습니다.

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DEBUG UiApplicationContextUtils:85 - Unable to locate ThemeSource with name 'themeSource': using default [org.springframework.ui.context.support.ResourceBundleThemeSource@1c571162]
WARN XmlWebApplicationContext:591 - Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'sampleService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'sampleMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.CannotLoadBeanClassException: Error loading class [org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean] for bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in class path resource [config/spring/context/context-mapper.xml]: problem with class file or dependent class; nested exception is java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/mybatis/spring/SqlSessionFactoryBean has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0 (클래스 [org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean]을(를) 로드할 수 없습니다)
ERROR ContextLoader:313 - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'sampleService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'sampleMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.CannotLoadBeanClassException: Error loading class [org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean] for bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in class path resource [config/spring/context/context-mapper.xml]: problem with class file or dependent class; nested exception is java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/mybatis/spring/SqlSessionFactoryBean has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0 (클래스 [org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean]을(를) 로드할 수 없습니다)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:660)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:640)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:119)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1431)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:619)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:955)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:401)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:292)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4764)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5222)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1393)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1383)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:835)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1393)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1383)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:265)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:430)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:930)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:772)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:347)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:478)

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내용은 "mybatis-spring 라이브러리는 JDK 17버전으로 컴파일되어 있는데, 실행은 JDK 11로 해서 실행할 수 없다." 인 듯 보여집니다.

mybatis-spring 버전을 낮춰서 해결 했습니다.

Spring 5.3.24 + myBatis 3.5.11 환경에는 myBatis Spring 2.1.0 버전을 사용해야 하네요.

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참고로 Java major version Number는 아래와 같습니다.

출처 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_class_file

Java class file - Wikipedia

major version number of the class file format being used.
Java SE 21 = 65 (0x41 hex),
Java SE 20 = 64 (0x40 hex),
Java SE 19 = 63 (0x3F hex),
Java SE 18 = 62 (0x3E hex),
Java SE 17 = 61 (0x3D hex),
Java SE 16 = 60 (0x3C hex),
Java SE 15 = 59 (0x3B hex),
Java SE 14 = 58 (0x3A hex),
Java SE 13 = 57 (0x39 hex),
Java SE 12 = 56 (0x38 hex),
Java SE 11 = 55 (0x37 hex),
Java SE 10 = 54 (0x36 hex),
Java SE 9 = 53 (0x35 hex),
Java SE 8 = 52 (0x34 hex),
Java SE 7 = 51 (0x33 hex),
Java SE 6.0 = 50 (0x32 hex),
Java SE 5.0 = 49 (0x31 hex),
JDK 1.4 = 48 (0x30 hex),
JDK 1.3 = 47 (0x2F hex),
JDK 1.2 = 46 (0x2E hex),
JDK 1.1 = 45 (0x2D hex).